NguAnna Edney | Bloomberg
Abaphandi bacela abalawuli base-US ukuba bakhuphe ezinye i-sunscreens kwiimarike, kubandakanywa iimpawu ezifana ne-Coppertone, i-Banana Boat kunye ne-Neutrogena, besithi bafumene ubungqina be-carcinogen enokwenzeka.
Iingcali zenzululwazi zacela i-Food and Drug Administration ukuba isuse ekuthengiseni zonke ii-sunscreens eziqulethe isithako esisebenzayo i-octocrylene. Iimveliso ezenziwe ngemichiza zinokuqulatha i-benzophenone, i-carcinogen ekrokrelekayo enokuthi iphazamise iihomoni eziphambili kunye namalungu okuzala, ngokutsho kweqela elikhokelwa nguCraig Downs, umlawuli olawulayo we-nonprofit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory efunda umngcipheko kwimpilo kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Iqela labarhwebi liyibize le ngxelo ilahlekisayo.
Ezinye iimveliso ze-2,400 zokukhusela ilanga zenziwe nge-octocrylene kwaye asazi ukuba yintoni ukhuseleko lwazo, utshilo u-Downs, owafaka isicelo ngoLwesine. I-FDA ayazi ukuba yintoni ukhuseleko lwabo kwaye ayinangqondo ukuba i-FDA iya kuvumela into esingaziyo ukuba ikhuselekile okanye ayikho.
Ukukhathazeka malunga ne-sunscreens kwaqala ukufudumeza ngo-2019 xa i-FDA ibuza abavelisi ngedatha yokhuseleko kwizithako zemichiza, kuquka i-octocrylene. NgoMeyi, ilebhu yovavanyo ezimeleyo ifumene amanqanaba yenye i-carcinogen enokwenzeka, ibenzene, kwiimveliso ezininzi, ekhokelela ekukhunjulweni okuthile.
Uphando lwe-FDA lubonisa ukuba umzimba uthatha ngokwaneleyo izithako zekhemikhali ze-sunscreens ukuze uqinisekise ukuvavanywa ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo akukho nkampani ibonisa ukuba ibonelele ngedatha yokhuseleko eyacelwa yi-FDA kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo, utshilo uDavid Andrews, isazinzulu esiphezulu kwiQela eliSebenzayo lokusiNgqongileyo, umbutho oxhasayo.
I-FDA ithatha ngokungathí sina nayiphi na inkxalabo yokhuseleko ephakanyisiweyo malunga neemveliso esizilawulayo, kuquka i-sunscreen, utshilo u-Courtney Rhodes, umkhulumeli. I-arhente iya kuqhubeka nokubeka iliso kwindawo yokuthengisa i-sunscreen ukuze incede ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwe-sunscreens ekhuselekileyo kubathengi base-US, ngelixa ivavanya iinkxalabo zokungcola, utshilo.
Iziphumo ezifanayo
Ukusebenza nabaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseSorbonne yaseParis, iDowns kunye noJoe DiNardo, i-toxicologist eyayisebenza ngaphambili kwishishini lezinto zokuthambisa, ivavanye i-sunscreens ye-16 esekelwe kwi-octocrylene ethengiweyo eFransi nase-US Iimpawu ziquka i-Beiersdorf AG's Coppertone Water Babies spray, Edgewell Personal ICare Co.'s Banana Boat SPF 50 lotion kunye neNeutrogena Beach Defense spray kunye neloshini evela kuJohnson & Johnson. Bonke bavavanywe ukuba bane-benzophenone.
Iziphumo zeDowns kunye neDiNardo zapapashwa kwiphephancwadi loPhando lweMichiza kwiToxicology ngoMatshi. Kamva, abaphandi baseBelgium bapapasha iziphumo ezifanayo emva kokuvavanya iimveliso eziqukethe i-octocrylene.
Siqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimveliso ze-Beiersdorf, kubandakanywa ne-sunscreens zethu, zihlolwe ngokungqongqo ukuze zikhuseleke kwaye zisebenze, uRobert Nishiyama, isithethi, uthe kwi-imeyile. UJ & J kunye no-Edgewell abazange baphendule kwizicelo zokuphawula.
Isitokhwe sikaBeiersdorf sehle nge-1% ekupheleni kweJamani. Izabelo ze-Edgewell zawa kakhulu njenge-1.1% kwaye i-stock ye-J & J yayitshintshile kancinci njenge-2: 16. eNew York
Uphando luqhubekisela phambili ulwazi olungeyonyani kwaye lulahlekise ngokungeyomfuneko kwaye loyike abathengi malunga nokhuseleko lweemveliso zelanga, iBhunga leeMveliso zoMntu, iqela le-lobby yaseWashington, litshilo kwingxelo. I-European Union ivume i-octocrylene ukuba isetyenziswe kwi-sunscreens, iqela lathi.
Idatha engekho
Ngokusekwe kwizifundo zezilwanyana, ingalo yophando yomhlaza weWorld Health Organisation ichaza i-benzophenone njenge-carcinogen enokwenzeka. Akukho datha malunga nonxibelelwano olunokubakho nomhlaza ebantwini ibikhona, ngokutsho kwe-arhente esekwe eGeneva.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-benzophenone kwi-sunscreens inokuphazamisa i-estrogen, ngokutsho kwe-WHO. Ihomoni idlala indima ephambili kwimpilo yabasetyhini, kwaye ukuyiphazamisa kunokukhokelela ekufikiseni kwangoko kunye nokuguqulwa kokusebenza kwamalungu okuzala.
Uphononongo lwe-Downs lubonisa ukuba i-benzophenone yenziwa ngokuthotywa kwe-octocrylene. I-sunscreens kuphela equkethe i-blocker ye-UV ihlolwe i-positive kwi-contaminant, kwaye amanqanaba anda ngokuhamba kwexesha.
I-Downs ifunde impilo kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo kwi-sunscreens iminyaka. Uphando lwakhe lwakhokelela eHawaii kunye nezinye iindawo zokutyelela elwandle ezifana ne-US Virgin Islands ukuvala ukuthengiswa kwe-sunscreens equkethe i-oxybenzone, ehambelana neekhemikhali ze-benzophenone kunye ne-octocrylene, ngenxa yophando olubonisa umonakalo kwi-coral reefs.
Iimveliso zatsala
Ikomiti yezokusingqongileyo yeBhunga lesiXeko saseMaui iqwalasela nemithetho engqongqo kwizithambiso zelanga. Ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso yelanga kufuneka kuthintelwe kuphela kwezo zenziwe ngamaminerali zinc oxide kunye ne-titanium dioxide, zombini zibonwa zikhuselekile yi-FDA, uPeter Landon, ingcali yenkqubo yogcino lwendalo kwiSebe lezoMhlaba kunye neMithombo yeNdalo yaseHawaii yatshela ikomiti ngoLwesithathu.
Ukunciphisa intsimi kwezo zimbini ze-sunscreens zamaminerali ziza kuthintela imboni ukuba ingenzi utshintsho oluncinci kwiikhemikhali ezivaliweyo ukuze zijikeleze umthetho, kusho uLandon.
I-sunscreens esetyenziswe ngokubanzi yayijoliswe ngoMeyi ngesikhalazo esahlukileyo se-FDA emva kohlalutyo lweValisure, ibhubhoratri ezimeleyo ebeka iliso kukhuseleko lwemveliso, kufunyenwe ibenzene kuluhlu lweemveliso . U-J&J ukhumbule zonke iintlobo ezintlanu ze-Neutrogena kunye ne-Aveeno aerosol sunscreens emva kokuba iziphumo zikhutshiwe.
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Akucaci ukuba ibenzene yangena njani kwiimveliso. Enye inxalenye yenkqubo yokuvelisa inokukhokelela ekubonakaleni kokungcola kwi-sunscreens, uValisure uthe ngelo xesha.
Uxinzelelo kwishishini linokuqhubeka kunyaka ozayo, xa i-US National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, ehlanganisa iingcali ukuba zifunde izinto eziphambili, eziphikisanayo, kulindeleke ukuba zinike ingxelo malunga ne-sunscreens. NgoLwesine, iphaneli yeeZikolo zeSizwe ive intetho kuphando oludibanisa i-benzophenones kwi-sunscreens kwi-endometriosis, imeko ebuhlungu apho ithishu ehlala ikhula ngaphakathi kwesibeleko somfazi kwakheka ngaphandle kwelungu.
